Category: Essay Examples
Essay examples are of great value for students who want to complete their assignments timely and efficiently. If you are a student in the university, your first stop in the quest for research paper examples will be the campus library where you can get to view the sample essays of lecturers and other professionals in diverse fields plus those of fellow students who preceded you in the campus.
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Many college departments maintain libraries of previous student work, including essays, which current students can examine. This collection of free essay examples is our attempt to provide high quality samples of different types of essays on a variety of topics for your study and inspiration.
Italian political thought has charted, and often directed, the journey of Western ideas and practices from Roman times to the medieval Christian period to the modern world. Italians have been artisans of political theory and empirical inquiry. The reflections and experience gained in the art and practice of …
Ze’ev Jabotinsky (1880–1940) was a liberal Zionist leader and author. He was born in Odessa, then a part of the Russian Empire. At age eighteen he went to Italy and Switzerland to study law and then served as a correspondent for several Russian newspapers, signing his articles and …
Jacksonian Democracy refers to an ideology and political movement in the second quarter of nineteenth century America characterized by the widespread expansion of suffrage and a pervasive egalitarian sentiment (in terms of opportunity, not outcome). Its primary figure was President Andrew Jackson, while Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in …
Jacobinism was a radical political movement that emerged during the French Revolution (1789–1799). The term later came to be used to describe any extreme left-wing grouping. The Jacobins were initially formed in 1789 in the Brittany region of northwestern France. Their formal title was the Society of the …
Harold K. Jacobson (1929–2001) was a prominent scholar in the field of international relations. Although he published works on a variety of topics, he is best remembered as a pioneer in the study of international environmental policy. A native of Michigan, he studied at the University of Michigan …
Cyril Lionel Robert James (1901–1989) was a major contributor to socialist and pan-African thought. He wrote on history, literature, philosophy, art, sports, and politics. His best known books include The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the Haitian Revolution (1938); Notes on Dialectics (1948); American Civilization (1950); Mariners, Renegades …
William James (1842–1910) was born to a wealthy family in New York City on January 11, 1842. His father, Henry James Sr., who was educated at Princeton Theological Seminary but rebelled against “Old Princeton” Calvinism, wrote prolifically regarding ethical and religious matters. Influenced by the mystic writings of …
Sir Ivor Jennings (1902–1965) was an English constitutional lawyer. He adapted jurist and constitutional theorist Albert Venn Dicey’s doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty for an era of executive sovereignty over parliament. Although an acute observer of Dicey’s weaknesses, Jennings provided few constructive arguments of his own. Due to this …
The jeremiad, a form of social criticism and political rhetoric, takes its name from the Jewish prophetic tradition, in which critics regularly arose to chastise the community for violating God’s commands and call it back to its most basic values. More generally, though, such rhetoric has appeared in …
The ways in which the Jewish people have thought and written about politics, divine authority and human power, and the dispensing of justice have been shaped by their unique historical experience. Over the course of two and a half thousand years, Jews have lived under a remarkable variety …
Literally jihad means “effort” and in Islamic tradition it has been interpreted as “striving for God.” According to the Quran and hadiths (narratives of sayings and doings of Prophet Muhammad), jihad is a duty that may be achieved in four main ways: by the heart, the tongue, the …
Laws pertaining to the separation of races in the American South were referred to as Jim Crow laws. The term Jim Crow can be traced to the early nineteenth century. Jim Crow was the name of a character in a popular minstrel play performed in the United States …
Political journalism reports about domestic politics and institutions. It can include political analysis, opinion, interpretation, and advocacy. From the middle of the first half of the nineteenth century, American newspapers’ partisanship and reliance on opinion were the norm. The papers were numerous, slim, and financed by political parties. …
In philosophical terms, judgment is the intellectual process of subsuming particulars under, or otherwise connecting them to, universals. Thus, this particular thing is a cat, that particular thing is a chair, and so on. Ordinarily, we have widely accepted rules, formulas, or tests for making such judgments reliably. …
Judgments refer to external evaluations of the world, regarding the probability, likelihood, or frequency of events occurring. Judgments often happen under conditions of uncertainty. Decisions involve internal trade-offs of values and often take place under conditions of risk. Judgments can be systematically and predictably influenced by heuristics, which …
Judicial activism is too often simply a criticism made against a judge who exercises the power of judicial review to strike down a democratically enacted law on constitutional grounds. If judicial activism is only a way to disagree with a judge’s decision, it has little jurisprudential value. Judicial …
Judicial behavior is a field of inquiry in political science that seeks to understand and explain actions taken by judges and courts. At the foundation of this scholarly endeavor are systematic efforts to build generalizable theories, empirically tested, that illuminate and clarify the primary factors that drive judicial …
Judicial independence in modern society and in the classical liberal tradition is considered to be one of the cornerstones of any free and democratic society. But what is meant by judicial independence? Considering the concept of the term independence, the first definition that comes to mind usually involves …
Judicial philosophy is the set of ideas that inform how justices and judges rule in cases. Judicial philosophies can be based on many different elements. They may be based on theories of constitutional inter pretation, views about the place of courts in a democratic republic, or notions about …
Judicial restraint is too often simply an endorsement of a judge who upholds a democratically enacted law on constitutional grounds. If the term is only a way to agree with a judge’s decision, it has little jurisprudential value. After all, the role of a judge in the system …
