Category: Essay Examples
Essay examples are of great value for students who want to complete their assignments timely and efficiently. If you are a student in the university, your first stop in the quest for research paper examples will be the campus library where you can get to view the sample essays of lecturers and other professionals in diverse fields plus those of fellow students who preceded you in the campus.
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Many college departments maintain libraries of previous student work, including essays, which current students can examine. This collection of free essay examples is our attempt to provide high quality samples of different types of essays on a variety of topics for your study and inspiration.
Roll off is a form of incomplete voting participation. In modern elections, voters rarely are offered only one electoral position on a ballot. If a voter participates in the top-of-the-ballot election and does not vote in other elections on the ballot, participation is not complete. This failure to …
Catholic social thought is a systematic Christian reflection on the social order. Neither Jesus nor the early church sought the cooperative agency of the state, sharply delineating the two realms. Seeking to strip politics and the state of divine pretensions, the church, under Pope Gelasius I, in 494, …
Roman political thought is characterized by the influence of moral philosophy and individual ethics on theorizing political questions. This is due, in large part, to the centrality of Epicurean and Stoic philosophy, both of which primarily focus on individual well-being and on the moral status of the individual …
A leading philosopher of his time, American Richard Rorty (1931–2007) challenged the foundations of modern Western philosophy. His work is most often linked with American pragmatism—that is, to the work of such individuals as Charles Sanders Pierce, William James, John Dewey, Wilfred Sellars, W. O. Quine, Donald Davidson, …
Murray N. Rothbard (1926–1995) was a twentieth-century political economist and social theorist in the modern libertarian tradition. The author of more than twenty-five books and thousands of articles, he constructed a libertarian politics that drew from neo-Aristotelian realism, Lockean natural rights theory, individualist anarchism, the Austrian school of …
Rotten boroughs is primarily an English term used to describe electoral districts with very small populations. Initially the phrase applied to English districts in the late seventeenth century, but today, the term typically refers to the dominant political party within a district, which likely remains uncontested due to …
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) was a French political and social thinker recognized as making major contributions to social contract and democratic theory through his writings, such as the Social Contract (1762). Rousseau’s works are credited also with being a major influence on the French Revolution (1789–1799), as well as …
Manabendra Nath Roy (1887–1954), popularly known as M. N. Roy, was a Bengali Indian revolutionary, philosopher, political theorist, activist, and exponent of the philosophy of radical humanism. Born as Narendra Nath Bhattacharya, he became a militant nationalist at the age of twenty and was jailed thrice before the …
Rulemaking is the process by which executive branch agencies write regulations that have the force of law. Rules include everything from requiring public corporations to notify shareholders that proxy voting materials are available on the Internet in a manner prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission, to specification …
The rule of law initially seems a simple and straightforward idea, concisely articulated by Aristotle in his view that the laws, not men, should rule in a well-ordered polity. This aspirational prescription for good government unites thinking about the rule of law from the ancient Greeks down to …
Rules of order are standardized procedural rules adopted by any deliberative body or assembly. Constitutions, bylaws, and rules of order are the general documents used to govern and define deliberative bodies. The purpose of rules of order is the regulation of the day-to-day conduct of debate. Bylaws and …
Run-off electoral systems use two rounds of voting to select a single winner. The first round eliminates some of the candidates, while the second round chooses between the remaining candidates. Run-off elections are commonly used to elect presidents. Indeed, with the adoption of run-off systems by many South …
British philosopher Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) made significant contributions to mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. He also wrote many widely read books and essays on education, history, political theory, and religion. Russell defined philosophy as a “no-man’s-land” between, on the one side, the moral certainty of theology and, on …
Russian political thought, like Russian society, has been undergoing a wrenching transition since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The old verities that had been inculcated in three generations of Soviet citizens had collapsed. This was a crisis for the rulers, ordinary people, and intellectuals. They …
A professor of philosophy at Cornell University from 1931 until his retirement in 1948, George Holland Sabine (1880– 1961) was a highly regarded American historian of political ideas. His A History of Political Theory was required reading in political theory courses during the 1940s and 1950s, influencing generations …
In democratic systems, a sacrificial lamb candidacy is an office seeker chosen by a party to contest an election even if there is little or no likelihood of success. Sacrificial lambs are chosen for a variety of reasons. In some cases, a party may put forward a sacrificial …
The radical literary views and persuasive style of the Palestinian American Edward W. Said (1935–2003) rapidly promoted him to one of the most prominent and influential cultural critics of the twentieth century. Said was born in Jerusalem and studied in Cairo, Egypt; Northfield Mount Her mon in Massachusetts …
Claude-Henr i de Saint-Simon (1760–1825) was a French social reformer. Though still influenced by the aspect of Enlightenment thought that placed emphasis on philosophical inquiries, Saint-Simon also envisioned the usefulness of empirical studies and social science. While Saint-Simon’s disciple, Auguste Comte, became known as the founder of sociology, …
The terms sanctions and embargo describe two particular kinds of economic penalties applied from one country (or a group of countries) on another one with a double purpose: to punish the latter by depriving it of essential goods and to force it to conform to the will of …
Sandinismo was the ideology of the revolutionary Sandinista movement in Nicaragua. The movement was named after Augusto César Sandino, a nationalist figure who opposed the U.S. military occupation of Nicaragua in the late 1920s and 1930s. Its main ideological tenets were developed by Carlos Fonseca Amador, Silvio Mayorga, …
