Reliability is the degree to which a measure of a theoretical concept has variable errors. The measure is reliable if measuring the same concept several times produces the same results in each instance. A measure is assumed to contain a fixed part and a variable part. The spread of each part, the variance of a fixed component and the variance of a variable Reliability is the degree to which a measure of a theoretical concept has variable errors. The measure is reliable if measuring the same concept several times produces the same results in each instance. A measure is assumed to contain a fixed part and a variable part. The spread of each part, the variance of a fixed component and the variance of a variable component, and their ratio are used to assess how reliable a measure is. If the ratio of the variance of a fixed part to the variance of a variable part of the same measure is close to zero, then the measure is considered unreliable. This is the case when the variable error is very large. If the ratio of the variance of a fixed part to the variance of a variable part of the same measure is close to one, then the measure is a reliable one. This is the case when the variable error is small. Reliability cannot be computed precisely due to impossibility of the calculation of variances and needs to be estimated. There are four approaches to estimate reliability: interobserver, test-retest, parallel-forms, and internal consistency (split-half, average interitem correlation, and average item-total correlation).component, and their ratio are used to assess how reliable a measure is. If the ratio of the variance of a fixed part to the variance of a variable part of the same measure is close to zero, then the measure is considered unreliable. This is the case when the variable error is very large. If the ratio of the variance of a fixed part to the variance of a variable part of the same measure is close to one, then the measure is a reliable one. This is the case when the variable error is small. Reliability cannot be computed precisely due to impossibility of the calculation of variances and needs to be estimated. There are four approaches to estimate reliability: interobserver, test-retest, parallel-forms, and internal consistency (split-half, average interitem correlation, and average item-total correlation).
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