Sandinismo Essay ⋆ Political Science Essay Examples ⋆ EssayEmpire

Sandinismo was the ideology of the revolutionary Sandinista movement in Nicaragua. The movement was named after Augusto César Sandino, a nationalist figure who opposed the U.S. military occupation of Nicaragua in the late 1920s and 1930s. Its main ideological tenets were developed by Carlos Fonseca Amador, Silvio Mayorga, and Tomás Borge Martínez, who cofounded the Sandinista National Liberation Front in 1962. Sandinismo incorporated many of the ideals of other leftist revolutionary movements in Latin Amer ica and was influenced by Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, and Mao Zedong. Sandinismo emphasized the need to create a socialist state, but broke with traditional Marxist ideology by asserting that the armed struggle to overthrow capitalism should begin among rural populations (as had been the case in Cuba). In addition, the movement’s leaders accepted the utility of forming alliances with middle-class and upper-class groups in their struggle against the pro-U.S. regime of Anatastasio Somoza Debayle. After the Sandinistas took power in 1979, they implemented land redistribution and other social reforms, but efforts to develop a socialist economy led to hyperinflation and a lengthy economic downturn, magnified by corruption. They were defeated in 1990 in the country’s first contemporary, open elections, although the Sandinistas recast themselves as social democrats and won the balloting in 2006.

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